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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (9): 73-76.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.2014-xb0550

所属专题： 园艺

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

施肥对甜菜产量、含糖及养分利用的影响

胡伟   

  1. 新疆农科院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-05 修回日期:2014-09-19 接受日期:2014-11-04 出版日期:2015-09-28 发布日期:2015-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 胡伟 E-mail:huwei334570
  • 基金资助:
    国家甜菜现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS210306)

Effects of Fertilization on Yield, Sugar Content and Nutrient Utilization of Sugar Beet

  • Received:2014-06-05 Revised:2014-09-19 Accepted:2014-11-04 Online:2015-09-28 Published:2015-09-28

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摘要： 为提升甜菜配方施肥技术水平，分别在新疆和甘肃的四个甜菜产区设置氮、磷、钾、硼、锌田间缺素试验，研究施肥对甜菜产量、含糖率、产糖量以及养分利用率的影响。结果表明：各甜菜试验点地力产量介于58.95~89.51%，全肥处理提高了甜菜的产量及产糖量，甜菜含糖率与产量呈负相关，施肥对产量的影响程度要大于产糖量；制约甜菜产量的养分限制因子随区域不同而存在差异，昌吉区域甜菜产量的养分因子主要为P、K，其次是N，伊犁试验养分限制因子顺序为N>K>Zn>P>B，张掖试验养分限制因素依次为B>N>P>K>Zn，张掖甜菜施肥应重硼、氮肥轻锌肥，而昌吉和伊犁施硼效果不明显；四个试验氮、磷、钾肥利用率平均为38.3%、15.38%和34.13%，生产中有待进一步提升肥料利用效率，在增加甜菜产量的同时提高产糖量。

关键词: 小麦, 小麦, 大穗型品种, 划分, 生态适用

Abstract: In order to improve the technology level of sugar beet fertilization, nutrient deficiency test of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron and zinc were designed in four areas of Xinjiang and Gansu Province to study the effect of fertilization on yield, sugar content, sugar yield and nutrient utilization rate. Results showed that the production of different treatments was between 58.95%-89.51%, full fertilizer treatment increased the yield and sugar yield. Sugar content was negatively correlated with yield, the influence of fertilization on yield was greater than sugar yield. Nutrient limiting factors restricting sugar beet yield were different among different areas, in Changji and Qitai, nutrient limiting factors were mainly phosphorus and potassium, followed by nitrogen; for experiment in Yili, the sequence was N>K>Zn>P>B; for experiment in Zhangye, the sequence was B>N>P>K>Zn. The average utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 38.3%, 15.38% and 34.13%, the result could provide reference for local balanced fertilization.