欢迎访问《农学学报》,

农学学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (6): 24-29.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas16010005

所属专题: 生物技术

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘草对新疆盐碱地土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性的影响

吴振振,马淼   

  1. 石河子大学生命科学学院,石河子大学生命科学学院
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-06 修回日期:2016-01-27 接受日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-06-21 发布日期:2016-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 马淼 E-mail:3025924470@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“高盐环境下乌拉尔甘草叶片气孔泌盐与光合气体交换的利益冲突与权衡策略的研究”(31360047);石河子大学重大科技攻关项目“高盐环境下乌拉尔甘草叶片气孔泌盐与光合气体交换的利益冲突与权衡策略的研究”(gxjs2012-zdgg06)。

Effects of Glycyrrhiza Inflata on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Soil Enzymatic Activities of Xinjiang Saline-alkali Land

  • Received:2016-01-06 Revised:2016-01-27 Accepted:2016-02-25 Online:2016-06-21 Published:2016-06-21

摘要: 选取尉犁县塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘盐碱荒漠为试验区,研究胀果甘草生长发育过程中盐碱地土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性的变化以及二者之间的相关性,旨在探讨栽培甘草对盐碱地土壤性质的影响,为干旱区盐碱荒漠的改良和利用提供科学依据。结果表明,栽培胀果甘草可使盐碱土壤得到有效改良。随着种植年限的增加,土壤中全氮、碱解氮及有机质等养分的含量均显著提高;土壤速效磷和速效钾的含量显著降低。土壤含水量在甘草种植第三年时比裸地土壤增加271%;种植甘草后,土壤pH及电导率均显著降低;土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶随种植年限的增加成递增趋势。简单相关分析表明,脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶3种酶之间以及3种酶与土壤理化因子之间均有极显著的相关关系;从回归分析得出的3个方程可知,土壤含水量对以上三种土壤酶活性起着主导作用,可以通过提高土壤含水量进一步影响土壤的酶活性。由此可见,在新疆盐碱荒漠种植胀果甘草可有效改善土壤理化性质,降低土壤含盐量,并且能够显著提高土壤脲酶、磷酸酶和蔗糖酶的活性,从而达到改良盐碱土的效果。

关键词: 番茄, 番茄, 再生体系, 遗传转化, 抗性植株

Abstract: In this study, saline land in Yuli Country in the Takelamagan Desert in Xinjiang were selected as the research object to analyze the variation of the soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzymatic activity and the inter-relationship among them on the growth and development process of Glycyrrhiza inflata, to inverstigate the effect of planting Locorice on salinizated soil properties and provide scientific basis for govermance and the use of saline desert in arid area . The results indicated that saline soil can be effectively improved by cultivation Glycyrrhiza inflata.The content of total nitrogen, alkalystic nitrogen and organic matter in soil were significantly increased. The nutrient content of land growing 3-year age licorice was the highest. In comparison with the bare land(CK), the content of total nitrogen, alkalystic nitrogen and organic matter are increased by 42%, 62% and 40% respectively.The content of available phosphorus and available potassium in soil were significantly decreased as the increasing of planting years. In comparison with the bare land(CK), the content of available phosphorus was decreased by 37%, 46% and 72%, the content of available potassium was decreased by 3.5%, 27% and 45%, respectively. Compared with bare land(CK), soil water content of land growing 3-year age licorice increased 271%. Soil pH and electrical conductivity decreased significantly after planting licorice. The soil pH of land growing 3-year age licorice showed signficantly different from bare land(CK), land growing 1-year age licorice and land growing 2-year age licorice. In comparison with the bare land(CK), electrical conductivity in soil was decreased by 42%, 72% and 80% respectively. The activities of soil urease、phosphatase and invertertase show an increasing tendency with the increasing of planting years. Compared with bare land(CK), soil enzyme activities were increased by 47%, 301% and 130%. Utilizing Pearson coefficant correlation, it analyzes the correlation between soil enzyme activities and soil physical and chemical properties in the different planting years licorice plot. The results of simple correlation analysis indicated that there are significant correlations between soil edaphic physicochemical factors and activities of soil urease, phosphatase and invertertase. The regression formula indicated that the activity of urease increased with soil water content, organic matter content but decreased with soil total nitrogen content, the activity of phosphatase increased with soil water content but decreased with soil total nitrogen content and organic matter content, the activity of invertertase increased with soil water content but decreased with soil available potassium content. Therefore, soil water content plays a dominant role in soil urease, phosphatase and invertertase. In a word, planting licorice in the salinization desert of Xinjiang could improve the soil physical and chemical properties, significantly increase the activities of soil urease, phosphatase and invertertase, ant it can improve the saline-alkali soil.

中图分类号: