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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 13-18.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas20190500064

所属专题： 玉米； 烟草种植与生产

• 农艺科学/生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同割苗期对春玉米产量及植株性状的影响

吴广俊(), 黄志银(), 张超, 翟乃家, 乔健, 刘蔚霞, 王宁宁, 路笃旭, 王光明   

  1. 山东省淄博市农业科学研究院,山东淄博 255033
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-31 修回日期:2019-07-31 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2021-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 黄志银 E-mail:wgj3772658@126.com;hzy2770272@163.com
  • 作者简介:吴广俊,女,1989年出生,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,主要从事玉米生理生态研究及育种工作。通信地址：255033 山东省淄博市张店区商场西街197号,E-mail： wgj3772658@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创新”专项“鲁中半干旱区小麦-玉米全程机械化节水丰产增效技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0300602-3);山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-02-09);淄博市重点研发计划“鲁中地区夏玉米氮肥高效技术研究”(2018kj010128)

Effect of Different Seedling Cutting Periods on Spring Maize Grain Yield and Plant Traits

Wu Guangjun(), Huang Zhiyin(), Zhang Chao, Zhai Naijia, Qiao Jian, Liu Weixia, Wang Ningning, Lu Duxu, Wang Guangming   

  1. Shandong Zibo Academy of Agricultural Science, Zibo 255033, Shandong, China
  • Received:2019-05-31 Revised:2019-07-31 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-05-12
  • Contact: Huang Zhiyin E-mail:wgj3772658@126.com;hzy2770272@163.com

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摘要：

研究春玉米不同割苗时期对产量性状、根系性状、株高、穗位高的调控效应,明确春玉米在鲁中地区最佳割苗时期。以‘莱农14’和‘登海605’为试验材料,分别在玉米4叶龄、5叶龄、6叶龄、7叶龄期进行割苗处理,以不割苗处理作对照。结果表明,2017年2个品种4叶龄期割苗较对照分别增产12.87%和9.31%,2018年分别增产11.31%和10.15%。5叶龄期割苗增产不显著,6叶龄期割苗‘莱农14’极少数长出再生苗,但很快萎糵,最后死亡;‘登海605’在6叶龄期再生苗无法抽出,7叶龄期2个品种再生苗均无法抽出。2个品种4叶龄期割苗还增加了干物质积累量、根系数量,提高了叶面积指数,降低了株高、穗位高,提高了抗倒伏性能。鲁中地区春玉米产量最高、植株性能最佳的割苗时期为4叶龄期。

关键词: 春玉米, 割苗期, 产量, 抗倒伏性能, 植株性能

Abstract:

To get the optimum cutting period, we studied the regulation effect of different seedling cutting periods on yield traits, root trait, plant height and spike height of spring-maize. Two spring-maize hybrids, ‘Lainong14’ (LN14) and ‘Denghai605’ (DH605), were selected as the experimental materials. The cutting periods of no seedling cutting (CK), and four (SC4), five (SC5), six (SC6), seven (SC7) fully expanded leaves age were set up. Results showed that the grain yield in SC4 of LN14 and DH605 increased respectively by 12.87%, 9.31% in 2017 and 11.31%, 10.15% in 2018 compared with that of CK. But the yield increase of SC5 was not significant. Very few ratooning seedlings were observed at SC6 of LN14, but quickly died. There was no ratooning seedling extraction at SC6 and SC7 of DH605 and SC7 of LN14. Shoot biomass, root numbers and leaf area index increased, plant height and spike height decreased and anti-lodging performance was improved significantly in SC4 of LN14 and DH605. Thus, the optimal seedling cutting time of spring maize to achieve high yield and high plant performance is at four fully expanded leaves age in central Shandong Province.

Key words: Spring Maize, Cutting Time, Yield, Anti-lodging Trait, Plant Traits

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