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农学学报

农学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (9): 44-49.doi: 10.11923/j.issn.2095-4050.cjas2024-0117

• 土壤肥料 资源环境 生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型尿素对高产夏玉米产量及氮肥效率的影响

邱凯莉(), 孟傲雪, 杨启睿, 耿赛男, 王宜伦()   

  1. 河南农业大学资源与环境学院，郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-11 修回日期:2024-09-24 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-17
  • 通讯作者:
    王宜伦，男，1976年出生，山东郓城人，教授，博导，主要从事作物营养与高效施肥方面的研究工作。通信地址：450046 河南省郑州市郑东新区平安大道218号 河南农业大学资源与环境学院，Tel：0371-63555923，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    邱凯莉，女，2002年出生，河南驻马店人，在读硕士生，主要从事作物营养与高效施肥方面的研究工作。通信地址：450046 河南省郑州市郑东新区平安大道218号 河南农业大学资源与环境学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    氮肥高效利用创新平台开放项目“基于配肥站‘测配产供施’一体化模式构建与示范”(30802075)

Effects of Novel Urea on Yield and Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency of High-yield Summer Maize

QIU Kaili(), MENG Aoxue, YANG Qirui, GENG Sainan, WANG Yilun()   

  1. College of Resource and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046
  • Received:2024-06-11 Revised:2024-09-24 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-17

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摘要： 本研究旨在探讨新型控释尿素与腐植酸尿素配施对夏玉米产量及氮肥利用效率的影响，以期为该技术的大面积推广提供科学依据。通过设置不施氮(T1)、当地农民习惯施肥(T2，N 216 kg/hm2)、常规优化施肥(T3，N 210 kg/hm2)、控释尿素与腐植酸尿素1:1 (T4，N 210 kg/hm2)、控释尿素与腐植酸尿素1:1 (各减N 10%，T5，N 168 kg/hm2)、控释尿素(T6，N 210 kg/hm2)、控释尿素减氮20% (T7，N 168 kg/hm2)处理，研究了不同施肥处理对夏玉米产量、氮素吸收利用和土壤碱解氮的影响。结果表明：T3~T7夏玉米产量较T1提高13.89%~18.04%，其中T5增幅最大。与T1、T2相比，T3~T7均提高了夏玉米成熟期地上部氮素积累量及土壤碱解氮含量，且T5夏玉米地上部氮素积累量较T1、T2达到了差异显著水平(P<0.05)。此外，T5氮肥利用率高达60.22%，氮肥偏生产力为74.56 kg/kg。综上所述，优化施氮可以促进夏玉米产量提高，本试验条件下，控释尿素与腐植酸尿素1:1配施各减氮10%可在豫北夏玉米高产区推广应用。

关键词: 控释尿素, 腐植酸尿素, 新型尿素, 夏玉米, 产量, 养分积累量, 氮肥效率

Abstract:

To clarify the impact of novel urea on yield and the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in summer maize, and to provide theoretical basis and technical support for its large-scale promotion and application, treatments were set as followed: no nitrogen fertilizer application (T1), local farmers’ habitual fertilization (T2, N 216 kg/hm2), conventional optimized fertilization (T3, N 210 kg/hm2), controlled release urea and humic acid urea in a 1:1 ratio (T4, N 210 kg/hm2), controlled release urea and humic acid urea in a 1:1 ratio with a 10% reduction of N for each (T5, N 168 kg/hm2), controlled release urea (T6, N 210 kg/hm2), and controlled release urea with a 20% reduction of nitrogen (T7, N 168 kg/hm2). The effects of different fertilization treatments on yield, nitrogen absorption and utilization, and soil available nitrogen of summer maize were studied. The results showed that the yield of summer maize from T3 to T7 increased by 13.89% to 18.04% compared to T1, with T5 showing the largest increase. Compared with T1 and T2, T3 to T7 all increased the aboveground nitrogen accumulation and soil available nitrogen content during the mature stage of summer maize, and T5 showed significant differences in aboveground nitrogen accumulation compared to T1 and T2 (P<0.05). In addition, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of T5 was as high as 60.22%, and the nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity was 74.56 kg/kg. In conclusion, optimizing nitrogen application can promote the increase of summer maize yield. Under the experimental conditions, the 1:1 combination of controlled release urea and humic acid urea with a 10% reduction of nitrogen for each can be promoted and applied in the high-yield area of summer maize in northern Henan Province.

Key words: controlled release urea, humic acid urea, novel urea, summer maize, yield, nutrient accumulation, nitrogen fertilizer efficiency